Julianasn · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Third highest mountain in Brazil, situated near the border of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais
Pico da Bandeira is a mountain in the Caparaó Mountains (Brazil). Its summit stands 2,891 m above sea level. Its prominence — how far it rises above the highest saddle linking it to a taller summit — is 2,641 m, and the nearest higher ground is 2,393 km away.
From the lowest point within 5 km (1,415 m), it rises 1,476 m. The steepest side is the south-east face: 31° on average over the first kilometre. In places the ground near the top reaches 58° — terrain for climbers, not walkers.
The nearest town is Alto Caparaó, 8 km away at 981 m: 1,910 m below the summit.
Scores
Two scores out of 10, built only from open data — every part is shown. They describe what the mountain offers, not how safe it is.
Hiking & mountaineering
5.5/10
Difficulty to the top
Mountain walk
Most path sections around the top are T4 on the SAC hiking scale.
Indicative only — never a safety assessment. Conditions change: ask local guides and check the forecast.
Ski score
—
No ski runs within 12 km in OpenStreetMap.
Ski (where OpenStreetMap has skiing within 12 km): up to 4 points for the length of downhill runs (300 km or more = 4), 1.5 for the number of lifts (40+), 1.5 for the vertical between lift stations (1,500 m) and 3 for the snow season — a month counts when the estimated mean temperature at the height of the ski area is −1 °C or lower and snow falls or lies there (NASA POWER, 2001–2020). Hiking & mountaineering: up to 2.5 for waymarked routes and paths, 1.5 for huts, 2 for the ascent from the valley (2,000 m), 1.5 for prominence (3,000 m), 1.5 for the season (months with summit afternoons above −5 °C) and 1 for via ferratas, climbing and glaciers. OpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: where few things are mapped, a score can be lower than reality.
Plan your visit
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Snow
In a normal year there is no snow on this mountain, not even at the summit.
Estimate for a normal year: average temperature and precipitation from NASA POWER, carried to each height, in a simple model of snow building up and melting. In a given year snow can come earlier or stay longer. It does not replace the local snow and avalanche bulletin.
Summit weather
Not a forecast: long-term averages (1991–2020), carried up to the summit. The orange line is where an average afternoon reaches 0 °C; above the dashed blue line it freezes even at dawn.
On an average October afternoon the summit reaches about 18 °C; on July nights it falls to about 1 °C. Afternoons at the top are above freezing in every month of the average year. In October the 0 °C line climbs to about 6,420 m, above the summit: the top thaws on an average afternoon. Across the region, August is the driest month (19 mm) and December the wettest (246 mm).
| Month | Summit high °C | Summit low °C | Alto Caparaó high °C | 0 °C line (m) | Rain & snow (mm) | Wet days | Sun h/day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 16 | 7 | 26 | 6,200 | 179 | 18 | 7.1 |
| February | 16 | 7 | 26 | 6,180 | 122 | 16 | 7.6 |
| March | 16 | 7 | 25 | 6,020 | 144 | 20 | 6.9 |
| April | 15 | 5 | 24 | 5,840 | 76 | 14 | 6.6 |
| May | 13 | 3 | 22 | 5,460 | 46 | 9 | 6.3 |
| June | 12 | 2 | 22 | 5,380 | 23 | 6 | 6.5 |
| July | 12 | 1 | 22 | 5,400 | 20 | 5 | 6.7 |
| August | 14 | 1 | 24 | 5,740 | 19 | 5 | 7.0 |
| September | 16 | 3 | 26 | 6,200 | 46 | 9 | 6.4 |
| October | 18 | 5 | 27 | 6,420 | 91 | 14 | 5.9 |
| November | 16 | 6 | 26 | 6,100 | 193 | 21 | 5.0 |
| December | 16 | 7 | 26 | 6,100 | 246 | 24 | 5.9 |
Estimate: the NASA POWER climate of a ~55 km cell (average height 839 m), adjusted to the summit by −6.5 °C per 1,000 m. Rain, wet days and sunshine are those of the region. Mountain weather changes fast — always check a local forecast. ★ = mildest months at the top.
Relief
Two cuts through the summit, 16 km long, from the 30 m Copernicus elevation model. Heights drawn 2× taller than lengths, so the shape can be seen.
Average slope of the first kilometre from the summit. The orange petal is the steepest side.
Around the mountain
Counted around the summit in OpenStreetMap, the map anyone can edit. The satellite plate shows 14 × 14 km.
N
5 km
Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 (EOX, CC BY 4.0), 14 × 14 km, north up. Points © OpenStreetMap contributors.
Casa de Pedra
Mirante do José Pedro (1820 m)
Parque Caparaó - Casa Queimada, Terreirão, Tronqueira, Macieira
Pousada Querência, Pousada, Caparaó Parque Hotel, Pousada Vale do Caparaó and 10 more
OpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: a low number may just mean nobody has mapped it yet. Places © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).
Photos
Recent years
Afternoon high at the summit (estimate). The first row is the reference, the 1991–2020 average in °C; the years show only the difference.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991–2020 average | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 16 |
| 2020 | −0.3 | −0.5 | −1.2 | −1.3 | −1.4 | ±0.0 | +0.2 | −1.2 | +2.1 | −0.2 | −0.6 | +0.7 |
| 2021 | +1.6 | −0.1 | +1.6 | +0.8 | +2.4 | +1.0 | +1.0 | +0.4 | +2.7 | −1.8 | −0.8 | −0.8 |
| 2022 | −0.3 | −1.4 | +1.3 | +1.0 | +1.2 | +1.2 | +2.3 | +0.6 | +0.3 | +1.1 | −1.1 | −1.2 |
| 2023 | −1.4 | +0.3 | +3.2 | +1.5 | +1.6 | +1.9 | +1.3 | +2.0 | +2.8 | +2.5 | +5.9 | +4.6 |
| 2024 | +1.2 | +2.1 | +4.0 | +4.0 | +5.9 | +3.8 | +3.7 | +3.0 | +3.9 | +1.0 | +1.5 | +1.3 |
| 2025 | +2.1 | +5.7 | +2.9 | +0.8 | +1.3 | +1.1 | +0.1 | +0.7 | −0.3 | −0.3 | +3.8 | +4.7 |
+1 warmer than usual −1 cooler than usual
| Names, elevation, prominence | Wikidata (Q589546) · CC0 |
|---|---|
| Relief, 3D view, profiles | Copernicus DEM GLO-30 · © DLR e.V., © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Copernicus/ESA |
| Climate | NASA POWER, 1991–2020 · CC BY 4.0 |
| Around the mountain | © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL |
| Images | EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 · CC BY 4.0; Wikimedia Commons |
Every figure is an average, an estimate or a count from a public dataset. Licences and methods: data sources.
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