Volcano·Iran

Damavand

5,628m

Alborz

Safa.daneshvar · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Elevation: 5,628m
Prominence: 4,667m
Isolation: 1,165km
Relief: 2,767mabove the lowest point within 5 km
Steepest slope: 48°within 1 km of the summit
Snow at the summit: All yearSee month by month ↓
First ascent: 1837
Summit: 35.9544°N, 52.1106°E

Potentially active stratovolcano and the highest peak in Iran

Damavand is a volcano in the Alborz (Iran). Its summit stands 5,628 m above sea level. It is the highest point of IR. Its prominence — how far it rises above the highest saddle linking it to a taller summit — is 4,667 m, and the nearest higher ground is 1,165 km away. It was first climbed in 1837.

From the lowest point within 5 km (2,861 m), it rises 2,767 m. The steepest side is the north face: 35° on average over the first kilometre. In places the ground near the top reaches 48° — terrain for climbers, not walkers.

The nearest town is Gazanak, 12 km away at 1,593 m: 4,035 m below the summit.

Damavand for skiers and climbers

Two scores out of 10, built only from open data — every part is shown. They describe what the mountain offers, not how safe it is.

Hiking & mountaineering

5.8/10

Difficulty to the top

Alpine climb

Most path sections around the top are T4 on the SAC hiking scale. Glaciers around the top.

Indicative only — never a safety assessment. Conditions change: ask local guides and check the forecast.

0.5/2.50 waymarked routes and 10 path sections nearby
0.2/1.51 huts and shelters
2.0/24,035 m of ascent from the valley
1.5/1.54,667 m of prominence
1.2/1.55 months with summit afternoons above −5 °C
0.3/1via ferratas, climbing and glaciers

Ski score

—

No ski runs within 12 km in OpenStreetMap.

How these scores are made

Ski (where OpenStreetMap has skiing within 12 km): up to 4 points for the length of downhill runs (300 km or more = 4), 1.5 for the number of lifts (40+), 1.5 for the vertical between lift stations (1,500 m) and 3 for the snow season — a month counts when the estimated mean temperature at the height of the ski area is −1 °C or lower and snow falls or lies there (NASA POWER, 2001–2020). Hiking & mountaineering: up to 2.5 for waymarked routes and paths, 1.5 for huts, 2 for the ascent from the valley (2,000 m), 1.5 for prominence (3,000 m), 1.5 for the season (months with summit afternoons above −5 °C) and 1 for via ferratas, climbing and glaciers. OpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: where few things are mapped, a score can be lower than reality.

Plan your visit

Stay, climb and get there

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Snow

When there is snow on Damavand

At the summit, snow all year round. Month by month below, at different heights on the way up.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Summit5,628 msnow all year round	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month
Halfway up3,610 msnow from November to May (some years from October to May)	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	Snow some of the time	Snow on the ground all month	Snow on the ground all month
Gazanak1,593 msnow in January (some years from December to February)	Snow on the ground all month	Snow some of the time	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	No snow	Snow some of the time

Snow on the ground all month
Snow some of the time
No snow
This month

Estimate for a normal year: average temperature and precipitation from NASA POWER, carried to each height, in a simple model of snow building up and melting. In a given year snow can come earlier or stay longer. It does not replace the local snow and avalanche bulletin.

Summit weather

Damavand, month by month

Not a forecast: long-term averages (1991–2020), carried up to the summit. The orange line is where an average afternoon reaches 0 °C; above the dashed blue line it freezes even at dawn.

On an average July afternoon the summit reaches about 5 °C; on January nights it falls to about -32 °C. In 9 months of the year it stays below freezing at the top even in the afternoon. In July the 0 °C line climbs to about 6,400 m, above the summit: the top thaws on an average afternoon. Across the region, June is the driest month (14 mm) and November the wettest (85 mm).

0 °C on an average afternoon 0 °C at dawn the summit

Month	Summit high °C	Summit low °C	Gazanak high °C	0 °C line (m)	Rain & snow (mm)	Wet days	Sun h/day
January	-22	-32	4	2,250	53	9	3.9
February	-20	-30	6	2,550	50	9	4.0
March	-14	-25	12	3,420	48	9	4.8
April	-9	-20	17	4,230	39	7	5.9
May	-3	-15	23	5,180	15	4	7.7
June	3	-10	29	6,030	14	3	9.1
July	5	-8	31	6,400	20	3	8.1
August	4	-9	30	6,260	24	4	8.1
September	0	-12	26	5,620	49	6	6.8
October	-7	-18	20	4,600	79	8	5.5
November	-15	-25	11	3,260	85	10	4.0
December	-20	-30	6	2,540	56	9	3.7

Estimate: the NASA POWER climate of a ~55 km cell (average height 2,323 m), adjusted to the summit by −6.5 °C per 1,000 m. Rain, wet days and sunshine are those of the region. Mountain weather changes fast — always check a local forecast. ★ = mildest months at the top.

Relief

The mountain in profile

Two cuts through the summit, 16 km long, from the 30 m Copernicus elevation model. True scale: no vertical exaggeration.

West – east

South – north

Steepness by direction

Average slope of the first kilometre from the summit. The orange petal is the steepest side.

Around the mountain

Huts, lifts and trails around Damavand

Counted around the summit in OpenStreetMap, the map anyone can edit. The satellite plate shows 14 × 14 km.

N 5 km

Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 (EOX, CC BY 4.0), 14 × 14 km, north up. Points © OpenStreetMap contributors.

1mountain huts and shelters
بارگاه سوم (4,240 m)
—cable cars, gondolas, chairlifts and rack railways
—ski areas
—waymarked hiking routes
—via ferratas
—climbing crags and routes
4named glaciers
خورتاب سر, اسپله, دوبی سل, سیوله
1viewpoints
دیدگاه
11campsites
استراحتگاه دماوند جنوب شرقی, دشت چمن, اردوگاه محیط زیست پیشرفته دماوند, تخت فریدون and 7 more
8hotels, B&Bs and chalets
کلبه, هتل‌ شمس, هتل آپارتمان مشتی رضا, Reyneh Damavand Hostel and 4 more
2restaurants and cafés

How hard are the paths?

10 path sections within 5 km, by SAC hiking scale (T1 easy walk … T6 difficult alpine).

T2T3T4T5

T2 mountain hiking
T3 demanding mountain hiking
T4 alpine hiking
T5 demanding alpine hiking

Towns at the foot

Gazanak12 km · 1,593 m
Āb‘alī25 km · 2,068 m

OpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: a low number may just mean nobody has mapped it yet. Places © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).

Photos

Seen by climbers and visitors

030915-Damavand-Polour-IMG 3449-2 — Safa.daneshvar · CC BY 4.0

Alborz Mountains Iran 01 — Ninaras · CC BY 4.0

Recent years

How each month compared at the summit

Afternoon high at the summit (estimate). The first row is the reference, the 1991–2020 average in °C; the years show only the difference.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
1991–2020 average	-22	-20	-14	-9	-3	3	5	4	0	-7	-15	-20
2020	−1.1	+0.2	−1.0	−2.5	±0.0	−0.5	−2.1	−2.6	−0.9	−0.5	−0.1	−1.3
2021	+2.1	+2.7	−0.5	+3.3	+0.8	+2.5	+0.4	−0.5	+1.6	−1.4	±0.0	+2.5
2022	+0.3	+1.4	−0.8	+3.0	−1.0	+1.9	−0.3	−0.7	+2.1	+2.0	+1.9	−1.1
2023	−0.5	−1.5	+2.2	+1.2	+0.3	±0.0	+0.5	+0.2	±0.0	+0.2	+3.6	+3.6
2024	+2.7	−0.6	−1.5	+1.1	−1.8	−0.7	+0.2	+1.7	−0.2	−0.8	+1.4	+0.4
2025	+1.4	−2.5	+0.5	+2.8	+3.3	−0.4	+1.0	+1.6	+0.3	+2.8	+4.9	−0.1

+1 warmer than usual −1 cooler than usual

Nearby

More mountains nearby

4,848 mAlam-Kuh

Iran113 km away

About these numbers

Names, elevation, prominence	Wikidata (Q40758) · CC0
Relief, 3D view, profiles	Copernicus DEM GLO-30 · © DLR e.V., © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Copernicus/ESA
Climate	NASA POWER, 1991–2020 · CC BY 4.0
Around the mountain	© OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL
Images	EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 · CC BY 4.0; Wikimedia Commons

Every figure is an average, an estimate or a count from a public dataset. Licences and methods: data sources.

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